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Information about Bromo and Ijen, location, geography, history

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About Ijen

The Ijen volcano is located in the east of Java province of a group of small stratovolcanoes constructed within the large 20-km-wide Ijen (Kendeng) caldera. The last eruption was on 1999The north caldera wall forms a prominent arcuate ridge, but elsewhere the caldera rim is buried by post-caldera volcanoes, including Gunung Merapi stratovolcano, which forms the 2799 m high point of the Ijen complex. Immediately west of Gunung Merapi is the renowned historically active Kawah Ijen volcano, which contains a nearly 1-km-wide, turquoise-colored, acid crater lake.

Summit Elevation: 2799 m 9,183 feet Latitude: 8.058?S 8?3'30"S Longitude: 114.242?E 114?14'30"E

Picturesque Kawah Ijen is the world's largest highly acidic lake and is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation in which sulfur-laden baskets are hand-carried from the crater floor. Many other post-caldera cones and craters are located within the caldera or along its rim. The largest concentration of post-caldera cones forms an E-W-trending zone across the southern side of the caldera.

Coffee plantations cover much of the Ijen caldera floor, and tourists are drawn to its waterfalls, hot springs, and dramatic volcanic scenery.

About Bromo

Bormo Caldera is the youngest caldera from well-known Tengger Caldera a volcanic massif extending from Semeru volcano with 16 km width. The massive Tengger volcanic complex dates back to about 820,000 years ago and consists of five overlapping stratovolcanoes, each truncated by a caldera. The volcano has summit elevation 2329 meter, latitude: 7.942°S and Longitude: 112.95°E 112°57'0"E last eruption was on 2004.

An overlapping cluster of post-caldera cones was constructed on the floor of the Sandsea caldera within the past several thousand years. The youngest of these is Bromo, one of Java's most active and most frequently visited volcanoes. Bromo is the most favourite and most visited by the tourists.